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In this episode, we listen to a description of a king’s land, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 13, penned about the Chozha King Mudithalai Koperunarkilli, by the poet Uraiyur Enicheri Mudamosiyaar. The verse is situated in the category of ‘Paadaan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’ and wishes safety for the king, who finds himself in a precarious situation.

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In this episode, we perceive an interesting technique of celebrating a king, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 12, penned about the Pandya King Palyaakasaalai Muthukudumi Peruvazhuthi by the poet Nettimaiyaar. Set in the category of ‘Paadan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’, the verse brings out the duality in a king’s personality.

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In this episode, we perceive the courage, fame and generosity of a king, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 11, penned for the Chera King Paalai Paadiya Perunkadunko, by the poet Peymakal Ilaveyiniyaar. The verse is situated in the category of ‘Paadaan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’ and elaborates the joyous elements in the king’s town and the specifics of his rewards to performers.

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In this episode, we learn of the fairness and fame of a king, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 10, penned about the Chozha King Neythalankaanal Ilanchetchenni by the poet Oonpothi Pasunkudaiyaar. Set in the category of ‘Paadan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’, the verse describes the qualities of justice, hospitality and courage in this king.

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In this episode, we listen to words about a king’s nature, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 9, penned about the Pandya King Palyaakasaalai Muthukudumi Peruvazhuthi by the poet Nettimaiyaar. The verse is situated in the category of ‘Paadaan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’ and demonstrates acutely the kind of person the ruler is.

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In this episode, we perceive a comparison between the sun and a king, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 8, about the Chera King Kadunko Vaazhiyaathan, sung by the poet Kabilar. Set in the category of ‘Paadan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’, the verse describes a ruler by outlining his motivations and qualities and placing him in parallel to a celestial object.

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In this episode, we perceive the pitiable state of a king’s enemies, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 7, penned for the Chozha king Karikaalan by the poet Karunkuzhal Aathanaar. The verse is situated in the category of ‘Vanji Thinai’ or ‘a king’s prowess in the battlefield’, and depicts the past and present of an enemy nation.

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In this episode, we perceive the fame and glory of a ruler, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 6, penned for the Pandya king Palyaakasaalai Muthukudumi Peruvazhuthi, by the poet Kaari Kizhaar. Set in the category of ‘Paadan Thinai’ or ‘praise of a king’, the verse etches a detailed portrait of a monarch and renders blessings unto him.

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In this episode, we listen to words of advice rendered to a king, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 5, penned for the Chera king Karuvooreriya Olvaal Koperuncheral, by poet Nariveroouthalaiyaar. The verse is set in the category of ‘Padaan Thinai’, praising a king and showing him the way forward.

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In this episode, we perceive scenes from war, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 4, sung about the Chozha king Uruvappahrer Ilanchetchenni by the poet Paranar. The verse is set in the category of ‘Vanji Thinai’ or ‘a portrait of a warrior king’, elaborating the state of the said king’s enemies.

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In this episode, we listen to a tribute sung to a Pandya king, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 3, penned for the king Karunkai Olvaal Perumpeyar Vazhuthi by the poet Irumpidarthalaiyaar. The verse is set in the category of ‘Paadaan Thinai’, celebrating the qualities of this Pandiya king, said to be the maternal uncle of the renowned ‘Karikaala Chozhan’ of the Sangam era.

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In this episode, we listen to words of praise rendered unto a king, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 2, sung to the Chera ruler ‘Perunchotru Uthiyan Cheralathan’ by the poet ‘Muranjiyur Mudinaakanaar.’ The verse is grouped under the category of ‘Paadan Thinai’, which is a ‘paean’ listing the laudable qualities of a person.

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In this episode, we perceive praises to a God, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Puranaanooru 1, penned by Baaratham Paadiya Perunthevanaar. Puranaanooru, which we begin to explore today, is about the outer life of Sangam people, presenting information about historical events and social dynamics of this era. This particular song is an invocation to God Shiva, added as part of the collection by this poet, who is believed to have been from a later period.

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In this episode, we listen to a lady’s perception of her changing circumstances, as portrayed in the last of the ‘Kurunthogai’ verses, Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 401, penned by Ammovanaar. Set in the coastal regions of ‘Neythal’, the verse speaks in the voice of the lady to herself, expressing her thoughts on her confinement at home.

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In this episode, we listen to words of heartfelt gratitude, as depicted in Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 400, penned by Peyanaar. Set in the forests of ‘Mullai’, the verse speaks in the voice of the man to his charioteer, on returning home after his long journey away from the lady.

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In this episode, we relish an apt simile that acutely depicts a lady’s situation, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 399, penned by Paranar. Set in the farmlands of ‘Marutham’, the verse speaks in the voice of the lady to the confidante, as the man delays seeking her hand in marriage.

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In this episode, we listen to a sharp response to words of advice, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 398, penned by Paalai Paadiya Perungkadungko. The verse is situated in the drylands of ‘Paalai’ and speaks in the voice of the lady to the confidante, as the man remains parted away.

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In this episode, we perceive a thoughtful farewell message, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 397, penned by Ammoovanaar. Set in the coastal regions of ‘Neythal’, the verse speaks in the voice of the confidante to the man, as he prepares to part away in search of wealth.

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In this episode, we listen to a mother’s shocked words, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 396, penned by Kayamanaar. Set in the drylands of ‘Paalai’, the verse speaks in the voice of the lady’s mother, on learning that her daughter had eloped with the man.

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In this episode, we perceive the helplessness in a lady’s heart, as portrayed in Sangam Literary work, Kurunthogai 395, penned by an anonymous poet. Set in the drylands of ‘Paalai’, the verse speaks in the voice of the lady to the confidante, reflecting on her suffering-filled situation, as the man remains parted away.